Encapsulated Cleansing Composition

ABSTRACT

This disclosure provides an encapsulated cleansing composition that is free of talc and that includes a core particle including (1) tapioca starch, (2) potato starch, (3) at least one anionic surfactant, and (4) at least one amphoteric surfactant. The encapsulated cleaning composition also includes a coating disposed about at least a portion of the core particle and includes a polysaccharide.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present disclosure generally relates to an encapsulated cleaning composition that includes a core particle and a polysaccharide coating disposed about the core particle. More specifically, this disclosure relates to a core particle that is free of talc and includes tapioca starch, potato starch, at least one anionic surfactant, and at least one amphoteric surfactant.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Many personal care products are formulated to provide consumers with effective cleansing as well as additional benefits. Conventional products such as body washes, facial washes, shampoos and bar soaps provide cleansing and lather benefits consumers have come to expect. Since the development of synthetic detergents, formulators have been able to provide cleansing with desirable foam properties which consumers equate with cleansing efficiency. However, these traditional cleansing products present various challenges. Most of these products are liquid based, can be messy, difficult to dose properly and tend to leak during transport. Solid based technologies such as bar soaps and shampoo bars are perceived as harsh, messy and do not provide an excessive amount of foam. Furthermore, these conventional products are sold in large packaging and volumes, which commits the consumer to a specific fragrance or product benefit for an extended period.

Unit dose products have been accepted in the laundry and dishwashing fields because these products have advantages of being convenient, easy to dispense, and provide the opportunity to customize each wash for the benefits the consumer is seeking. Similar advantages are desired by consumers in the personal care space. For example, cosmetic articles intended to be used once to cleanse the skin or hair are well known for their practical benefits. Disposable wipes impregnated with a liquid cosmetic formulation are suitable for single use but requires disposal of the nonwoven sheet. Travel sized and single use toiletries are available but demand the use of more packaging and are not environmentally friendly. Single use bar soaps, wash cards, soap paper and other forms of single use soap exist but utilize raw materials that consumers do not want in their products such as talc, sodium lauryl sulfate or sodium laureth sulfate.

Consumer demand for natural beauty products has been a growing trend for years and has led to the rise of “free from” advertisements on the front of various products. Key attributes in demand are biodegradable and sustainable raw materials, as well as products “free from” sulfates, alcohol, parabens, talc and other things consumers perceive as less than beneficial. In cleansing applications, sodium lauryl sulfate and sodium laureth sulfate have been effectively used for years. These anionic surfactants are excellent cleansing agents and foam very well. However, these materials clean so well that they can be perceived as harsh and irritating to consumers and therefore have gained a negative reputation in the marketplace. Formulating to meet all these desired demands is technically difficult and limits the choice of raw materials available to the formulator.

There are some products on the market that are environmentally friendly and consumer friendly, but still have additional drawbacks. Loose anhydrous powder, such as that disclosed in WO 2019/001940, does not solve the problems of single use, customization, or remaining free from talc. Foaming cleansing powders on the market are also loose powders, which are messy and difficult for consumers to dose. Still other products crumble during shipping thereby forming a coarse and gritty texture that is not commercially desirable. Moreover, these types of compositions use propylene glycol and not water thus reducing commercial desire among consumers and also tend to have a rough hand feel because of the use of rice starch.

Accordingly, there remains an opportunity for improvement. Furthermore, other desirable features and characteristics of the present disclosure will become apparent from the subsequent detailed description of the disclosure and the appended claims, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and this background of the disclosure.

BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

This disclosure provides an encapsulated cleansing composition that is free of talc and that includes a core particle including (1) tapioca starch, (2) potato starch, (3) at least one anionic surfactant, and (4) at least one amphoteric surfactant. The encapsulated cleaning composition also includes a coating that is disposed about at least a portion of the core particle and that includes a polysaccharide.

This composition is surprisingly advantageous as it readily disintegrates and provides flash foam which can be then used to cleanse the skin and hair. The cleansing composition is also gentle, mild and moisturizing to the skin. Moreover, the composition is free from talc. Talc is used in powder formulations to contribute slip and a silky skin feel. In the instant composition, the combination of potato and tapioca starches surprisingly provides the desired skin feel without the need for talc.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The present disclosure will hereinafter be described in conjunction with the following drawing figures, wherein like numerals denote like elements, and

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an encapsulated cleaning composition including a core particle in the form of a tablet and also including the coating disposed about at least a portion of the core particle.

FIG. 2 is a top view of the encapsulated cleaning composition of FIG. 1 .

FIG. 3 is a partially cut-away view of the encapsulated cleaning composition of FIG. 1 .

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of an encapsulated cleaning composition including the core particle in the form of a capsule and also including the coating disposed about at least a portion of the core particle.

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of an encapsulated cleaning composition including the core particle in the form of a capsule and including the coating disposed about at least a portion of a portion of the core particle.

FIG. 6 is a photograph that shows a 100% Potato starch cube that is very soft and powdery and has a uniform appearance and is representative of one example set forth below.

FIG. 7 is a photograph that shows that a 100% Potato starch cube is very friable and crumbles easily when handled into soft powder and is representative of one example set forth below.

FIG. 8 is a photograph that shows that a 100% Potato starch cube crumbles into soft powder and has a slight gummy consistency and is representative of one example set forth below.

FIG. 9 is a photograph that shows that a 100% Tapioca starch cube is very hard and has a textured appearance and is representative of one example set forth below.

FIG. 10 is a photograph that shows that a 100% Tapioca starch cube is only slightly friable and holds up well when handled and is representative of one example set forth below.

FIG. 11 is a photograph that shows that a 100% Tapioca starch cube takes effort to crumble and crumbles into a loose powder with textured feel and is representative of one example set forth below.

FIG. 12 is a photograph that shows that a 75% Potato starch, 25% Tapioca starch is still very soft and powdery with a uniform appearance and is representative of one example set forth below.

FIG. 13 is a photograph that shows that a 75% Potato starch, 25% Tapioca starch is friable, and has rounded corners when handled and performs better than a 100% potato starch and is representative of one example set forth below.

FIG. 14 is a photograph that shows that a 75% Potato starch, 25% Tapioca starch crushes into soft powder with a slight gummy consistency and is representative of one example set forth below.

FIG. 15 is a photograph that shows that a 75% Tapioca starch, 25% Potato starch forms a solid cube and has a textured appearance and is representative of one example set forth below.

FIG. 16 is a photograph that shows that a 75% Tapioca starch, 25% Potato starch is slightly friable and develops rounded corners when handled and is representative of one example set forth below.

FIG. 17 is a photograph that shows that a 75% Tapioca starch, 25% Potato starch crumbles into loose textured powder and exhibits better binding than 100% Tapioca while still being loose and is representative of one example set forth below.

FIG. 18 is a photograph that shows that a 50% Tapioca starch, 50% Potato starch forms a soft cube with a textured appearance and is representative of one example set forth below.

FIG. 19 is a photograph that shows that a 50% Tapioca starch, 50% Potato starch holds up very well when handled and is only slightly friable with corners rounded during handling and is representative of one example set forth below.

FIG. 20 is a photograph that shows that a 50% Tapioca starch, 50% Potato starch crumbles into very soft powder with some binding properties to make it easier to handle than the other aforementioned combinations and is representative of one example set forth below.

FIG. 21 is a bar graph of the LCAT test results described in the Examples.

FIG. 22 is a scanning electron microscope image of tapioca starch particles that are rounded small particles that provide closing packing and rigidity to structure of the encapsulated coating composition.

FIG. 23 is a scanning electron microscope image of corn starch particles that are small and have irregular shape which gives rough hand feel to any composition.

FIG. 24 is a scanning electron microscope image of potato starch particles that are large round particles that provide soft hand feel and rapid dissolution to the encapsulated coating composition.

FIG. 25 is a scanning electron microscope image of cubic shaped core particles that include a combination of large and small particle starches that provide close packing, giving rigidity and strength to the core particle while maintaining rapid dissolution and soft hand feel.

FIG. 26 is a bar graph of the cumulative irritation patch test results described in the Examples.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The following detailed description is merely exemplary in nature and is not intended to limit the encapsulated cleaning composition. Furthermore, there is no intention to be bound by any theory presented in the preceding background or the following detailed description.

Embodiments of the present disclosure are generally directed to encapsulated cleaning composition and methods for fabricating the same. For the sake of brevity, conventional techniques related to cleaning compositions may not be described in detail herein. Moreover, the various tasks and process steps described herein may be incorporated into a more comprehensive procedure or process having additional steps or functionality not described in detail herein. In particular, various steps in the manufacture of cleaning compositions are well-known and so, in the interest of brevity, many conventional steps will only be mentioned briefly herein or will be omitted entirely without providing the well-known process details.

Encapsulated Cleaning Composition:

This disclosure provides an encapsulated cleansing composition that is free of talc and that includes a core particle including (1) tapioca starch, (2) potato starch, (3) at least one anionic surfactant, and (4) at least one amphoteric surfactant. The encapsulated cleaning composition also includes a coating disposed about at least a portion of the core particle and includes a polysaccharide. Each is described in greater detail below. It is contemplated that when describing individual components of the encapsulated cleaning composition such as the (1) tapioca starch, (2) potato starch, (3) at least one anionic surfactant, and (4) at least one amphoteric surfactant, any of the weight percents described below may be based on a weight of the encapsulated cleaning composition as a whole or on a weight of the core particle as a whole (not including the weight of the coating). Similarly, when any component (not including the coating) is described as being part of, or included in, the encapsulated cleaning composition, those of skill in the art will recognize that this may also mean that the component is part of the core particle itself.

The cleansing compositions disclosed are useful in cleansing the skin, body, and/or hair, while remaining gentle and moisturizing. The combination of potato and tapioca starch with the polysaccharide coating can provide a pressed powder with sufficient strength and rigidity to withstand packaging and shipping, but the product is soft enough to crush in the consumer's hand and instantly transform into foam with water. The formulation is mild and gentle, moisturizing, naturally based and environmentally friendly.

In one embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1 , this disclosure provides the encapsulated cleaning composition (20) (hereinafter referred to as an “encapsulated composition”). The encapsulated composition (20) includes a core particle (22), as also shown in FIGS. 2-5 . The core particle (22) is typically a solid but may be gel-like. Alternatively, the core particle (22) may have both solid portions and gel-like portions. In one embodiment, the core particle (22) is a tablet, as shown, for example, in FIGS. 1-3 . In other embodiment, the core particle (22) is a capsule or caplet, as shown, for example, in FIGS. 4-5 . In another embodiments, not shown in the Figures, the core particle is a cube as shown, for example, in FIG. 25 . In still other embodiments, the core particle (22) is selected from the group of briquettes, pills, pellets, bricks, sachets, and combinations thereof. In one embodiment, the core particle (22) has a coin shape or a compressed cylindrical shape. In one embodiment, the core particle (22) is further defined as a “massive body” which, as is known in the art, refers to a solid shape (typically a porous solid shape) that includes a mixture of particulates. The particulates may be particulates of the (1) tapioca starch, (2) potato starch, (3) at least one anionic surfactant, and (4) at least one amphoteric surfactant described below. The core particle may be described as a plurality of particles of crushed powder. For example, the (1) tapioca starch, (2) potato starch, (3) at least one anionic surfactant, and (4) at least one amphoteric surfactant may be combined to form a shape (shaped body), e.g. in a mold. The shaped body may then be coated with a coating (24), which may also be referred to as an encapsulant or protective layer, as described in greater detail below.

The core particle (22) is not limited in shape, size, or mass. In various embodiments, the core particle (22) has a weight of from about 0.01 to about 20, about 0.05 to about 20, about 0.1 to about 20, about 0.5 to about 20, about 1 to about 19.5, about 1.5 to about 19, about 2 to about 18.5, about 2.5 to about 18, about 3 to about 17.5, about 3.5 to about 17, about 4 to about 16.5, about 4.5 to about 16, about 5 to about 15.5, about 5.5 to about 15, about 6 to about 14.5, about 6.5 to about 14, about 7 to about 13.5, about 7.5 to about 13, about 8 to about 12.5, about 8.5 to about 12, about 9 to about 11.5, about 9.5 to about 11, about 10 to about 10.5, about 2.5 to about 13, about 0.5 to about 5, or about 5 to about 20, grams. It is contemplated that the entire encapsulated cleaning composition may also have a weight as described above or even up to about 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, or 30, grams. However, it is also contemplated that smaller or larger core particles can be used. In various non-limiting embodiments, it is contemplated that all values and ranges of values, both whole and fractional, between and including the aforementioned values, can be utilized herein.

In one embodiment, the core particle (22) is in the form of granules. The core particle (22) can be small fractionated objects formed from solid particles aggregated together, of variable shapes and sizes. They may be regular or irregular in shape. They may in particular have a spherical shape, a square shape, a rectangular shape, or an elongated shape such as rods. In particular, the core particle (22) can be in the form of small fractionated objects, which can have varied shapes, generally a regular shape and typically a spherical shape or well-calibrated (uniform) spherical shape. In one embodiment, spherical particles are quite particularly preferred.

The (average) size of the particles is not particularly limited and can be from about 1 to about 5000 μm, from about 50 to about 5000 μm, from about 100 to about 3500 μm, or from about 200 to about 3000 μm. In other embodiments, the particles have an (average) size of about 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 . . . 10 . . . 50, 100, 150, 200, 250, 300, 350, 400, 450, 500 . . . up to about 5000, μm. The size of the particles can be determined by manual sieving or via a mechanical calibrator, and also by laser particle size analysis, using for example the Malvern Mastersizer 3000. In various non-limiting embodiments, it is contemplated that all values and ranges of values, both whole and fractional, between and including the aforementioned values, can be utilized herein.

Starch can be used in pressed powder tablets because it is compressible, inert, fee flowing, cost effective and exhibits good disintegration properties. Water can be incorporated into dry powder starches to bind the starches together through interactions such as hydrogen bonding. The addition of water encourages stronger interaction between the starch hydroxyl groups which helps give strength and hardness to the final pressed powders.

The instant encapsulated composition and/or core particle may include water or may be free of water. In various embodiments, the water is present in an amount of from about 1 to about 30, about 5 to about 25, about 10 to about 20, about 10 to about 15, about 15 to about 20, weight percent based on a total weight of the core particle and/or encapsulated composition. In various non-limiting embodiments, it is contemplated that all values and ranges of values, both whole and fractional, between and including the aforementioned values, can be utilized herein.

Free of Talc:

The encapsulated composition and/or core particle is typically free of talc. In various embodiments, the encapsulated composition includes less than 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, 0.5, or 0.1, weight percent of talc based on a total weight of the core particle and/or encapsulated cleaning composition. In other embodiments, the encapsulated composition is completely free of talc. In various non-limiting embodiments, it is contemplated that all values and ranges of values, both whole and fractional, between and including the aforementioned values, can be utilized herein.

Starch:

As first introduced above, the encapsulated composition and/or core particle includes (1) tapioca starch, (2) potato starch, (3) at least one anionic surfactant, and (4) at least one amphoteric surfactant. The (1) tapioca starch and the (2) potato starch are used to achieve desired benefits as shown, for example, in FIGS. 22 and 24 . Natural starch is comprised of amylose which is linear and amylopectin which is branched. Starches from different sources contain different proportions of these components which contribute to different properties. Additionally, the source of the starch, e.g. potato or tapioca leads to different starches having different particle shapes and sizes. These properties of various starches influence the end results of formulating with these raw materials. For example, tapioca starch typically cannot be used alone because it becomes too compact and cannot be broken apart easily.

Corn starch has irregular polyhedron shaped granules having a diameter of from about 5 to about 20 μm, while rice starch also has irregular polygon shaped particles having a size of about 3 to about 8 μm, as shown for example in FIG. 23 . The smaller sized particles and irregular shapes provide a rougher perception to the final product instead of a soft, powdery crumble.

The encapsulated composition and/or core particle is typically free of corn and/or rice starch and/or any other non-potato or non-tapioca starch. In various embodiments, the encapsulated composition and/or core particle includes less than 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, 0.5, or 0.1, weight percent of corn and/or rice starch and/or any other non-potato or non-tapioca starch based on a total weight of the core particle and/or encapsulated cleaning composition. In other embodiments, the encapsulated composition and/or core particle is completely free of corn and/or rice starch and/or any other non-potato or non-tapioca starch. In various non-limiting embodiments, it is contemplated that all values and ranges of values, both whole and fractional, between and including the aforementioned values, can be utilized herein.

In this disclosure, (2) potato starch and (1) tapioca starch are used in combination to provide strength to the encapsulated composition as a pressed powder, as well as a gentle crumble and soft feel. Potato starch has one of the largest particle sizes of native starches averaging from about 18 to about 60 μm. The larger particles are spherical and smooth in shape, giving a very silky skin feel due to the ball bearing effect. Tapioca starch has irregular round spheres with smaller particle sizes of from about 5 to about 25 μm. The combination of the large and smaller particles allows for close packing and interaction during compression. This provides the strength to a pressed powder to hold up during packaging, shipping and consumer use.

Various combinations of (1) tapioca starch and (2) potato starch are set forth in FIGS. 6-20 which visually show various physical properties. In various embodiments, the tapioca starch has a moisture level of less than about 15 wt. %. The potato starch may have a maximum moisture level of about 205 mg water/g of starch. Tapioca starch is typically obtained from the roots of Manihot esculenta and includes primarily amylose and amylopectin. Potato starch is a polysaccharide obtained from the potato and may be alternatively described as Solanum tuberosum starch.

In various embodiments, the (1) tapioca starch is present in an amount of from at least about 1, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80, 85, 90, 95, or up to about 99, weight percent based on a total weight percent of the core particle. In other embodiments, the (1) tapioca starch is present in an amount of from about 10 to about 40, about 15 to about 35, about 20 to about 30, about 25 to about 30, about 25 to about 35, or about 30 to about 40, weight percent based on a total weight percent of the core particle. In various non-limiting embodiments, it is contemplated that all values and ranges of values, both whole and fractional, between and including the aforementioned values, can be utilized herein.

In various embodiments, the (2) potato starch is present in an amount of from at least about 1, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80, 85, 90, 95, or up to about 99, weight percent based on a total weight percent of the core particle. In other embodiments, the (2) potato starch is present in an amount of from about 10 to about 40, about 15 to about 35, about 20 to about 30, about 25 to about 30, about 25 to about 35, or about 30 to about 40, weight percent based on a total weight percent of the core particle. In various non-limiting embodiments, it is contemplated that all values and ranges of values, both whole and fractional, between and including the aforementioned values, can be utilized herein.

The weight percent of the (1) tapioca starch as related to the (2) potato starch is not particularly limited. In various embodiments, the (1) tapioca starch is present in an amount of about 0.1, 0.5, 1, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, or 60 weight percent based on a total weight of the core particle (22) and/or the encapsulated cleaning composition while the (2) potato starch is present in an amount of about 0.1, 0.5, 1, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, or 60 weight percent based on a total weight of the core particle (22) and/or the encapsulated cleaning composition. In other embodiments, the (1) tapioca starch is present in an amount of about 15 weight percent based on a total weight of the core particle (22) and/or the encapsulated cleaning composition while the (2) potato starch is present in an amount of about 45 weight percent based on a total weight of the core particle (22) and/or the encapsulated cleaning composition. In other embodiments, the (1) tapioca starch is present in an amount of about 45 weight percent based on a total weight of the core particle (22) and/or the encapsulated cleaning composition while the (2) potato starch is present in an amount of about 15 weight percent based on a total weight of the core particle (22) and/or the encapsulated cleaning composition. In various non-limiting embodiments, it is contemplated that all values and ranges of values, both whole and fractional, between and including the aforementioned values, can be utilized herein. All combinations of the above are also hereby expressly contemplated.

The weight of the (1) tapioca starch as related to the (2) potato starch is not particularly limited. In various embodiments, the (1) tapioca starch is present in an amount of about 0.1, 0.5, 1, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, or 60 grams while the (2) potato starch is present in an amount of about 0.1, 0.5, 1, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, or 60 grams. In other embodiments, the (1) tapioca starch is present in an amount of about 15 grams while the (2) potato starch is present in an amount of about 45 grams. In other embodiments, the (1) tapioca starch is present in an amount of about 45 grams while the (2) potato starch is present in an amount of about 15 grams. In various non-limiting embodiments, it is contemplated that all values and ranges of values, both whole and fractional, between and including the aforementioned values, can be utilized herein. All combinations of the above are also hereby expressly contemplated.

The weight ratio of the (1) tapioca starch to the (2) potato starch is not particularly limited. In various embodiments, the weight ratio of the (1) tapioca starch to the (2) potato starch may be from about 1:about 99 to about 99:about 1. In other embodiments, the weight ratio of the (1) tapioca starch to the (2) potato starch may be from about 1:5 to about 5:1, about 1:4 to about 4:1, about 1:3 to about 3:1, about 1:2 to about 2:1, or about 1:1. In various non-limiting embodiments, it is contemplated that all values and ranges of values, both whole and fractional, between and including the aforementioned values, can be utilized herein. All combinations of the above are also hereby expressly contemplated.

At Least One Anionic Surfactant:

The encapsulated composition and/or core particle also includes at least one anionic surfactant. More specifically, the core particle of the encapsulated composition includes at least one anionic surfactant. For example, only a single anionic surfactant may be utilized or a combination of two or more anionic surfactants may be utilized. Anionic surfactants provide excellent cleansing and generate good foam volume. It is desirable to provide high foaming and good cleansing while remaining gentle and mild to the skin. The at least one anionic surfactant is not particularly limited and may be any known in the art.

In one embodiment, the at least one anionic surfactant is an alkyl sulfate having a long chain hydrocarbon (e.g. C6-C20) attached to a sulfonate group. In another embodiment, the encapsulated composition is free of alkyl sulfates.

To reduce skin irritation while achieving the desired performance, gentle anionic surfactants can be leveraged as well as combinations of anionic surfactants with amphoteric surfactants as secondary surfactants.

In various embodiments, the at least one anionic surfactant is a mild surfactant that is chosen from acyl glutamates, acyl isethionates, sarcosinates, taurates, and combinations thereof.

Acyl glutamates are salts of glutamic acid and are either monovalent or divalent having the general structure:

wherein R is a linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated, alkyl chain having from about 8 to about 30 carbon atoms. Various non-limiting examples of suitable glutamates include TEA-Cocoyl Glutamate, Sodium Lauroyl Glutamate, Sodium Cocoyl Glutamate, Potassium Cocoyl Glutamate, Glutamic acid, Cocoyl Glutamic acid, Stearoyl Glutamic acid.

Acyl isethionates are the esters of alkanoic acids and isethionic acids with the general formula:

RCOOCH₂CH₂SO₃ ⁻Na⁺

wherein R is a linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated alkyl chain having from about 8 to about 30 carbons. Various non-limiting examples of suitable isethionates include sodium cocoyl isethionate, sodium cocoyl methyl isethionate, sodium isethionate, sodium lauroyl isethionate, sodium lauryl methyl isethionate, sodium methyl isethionate, sodium myristoyl isethionate, sodium oleoyl isethionate.

Sarcosinates are a class of anionic surfactants formed from the acylation of glycine and have the general structure

wherein R is an alkyl group and X is a cationic salt species, such as Na⁺ or TEA⁺. Various non-limiting examples of suitable sarcosinates include lauroyl sarcosine, potassium cocoyl sarcosinate, sodium cocoyl sarcosinate, sodium lauroyl sarcosinate, potassium lauroyl sarcosinate, TEA-lauryl sarcosinate.

Taurates are derived from taurine by acylation available as salts and generally have the structure

wherein R is a linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated alkyl chain having from about 8 to about 30 carbons. Various non-limiting examples of suitable taurates include sodium methyl lauroyl taurate, sodium methyl cocoyl taurate, sodium methyl oleoyl taurate, potassium cocoyl taurate.

In one embodiment, the at least one anionic surfactant is chosen from a glutamic acid derivative, an isethionate derivative, an acyl glutamate, an acyl isethionate, a sarcosinate, a taurate, salts thereof, and combinations thereof.

In another embodiment, the glutamic acid derivative is chosen from sodium cocoyl glutamate, potassium cocoyl glutamate, glutamic acid, sodium lauroyl glutamate, and combinations thereof.

In another embodiment, the isethionate derivative is chosen from esters of alkanoic acids and isethionic acids or salts thereof.

In still another embodiment, the isethionate derivative is chosen from sodium lauryl methyl isethionate, sodium cocoyl isethionate, sodium isethionate, sodium lauroyl isethionate, salts thereof, and combinations thereof.

In a further embodiment, the sarcosinate is chosen from lauroyl sarcosine, sodium cocoyl sarcosinate, sodium lauroyl sarcosinate, potassium cocoyl sarcosinate, and combinations thereof.

In another embodiment, the taurate is chosen from sodium methyl lauroyl taurate, sodium methyl cocoyl taurate, potassium cocoyl taurate, and combinations thereof.

In another embodiment, the anionic surfactant is present in an amount of from about 1 to about 60, about 2 to about 40, or about 5 to about 30, weight percent actives based on a total weight of the core particle and/or encapsulated cleaning composition. In other embodiments, the anionic surfactant is present in an amount of from 0.01 to about 20, about 0.05 to about 20, about 0.1 to about 20, about 0.5 to about 20, about 1 to about 19.5, about 1.5 to about 19, about 2 to about 18.5, about 2.5 to about 18, about 3 to about 17.5, about 3.5 to about 17, about 4 to about 16.5, about 4.5 to about 16, about 5 to about 15.5, about 5.5 to about 15, about 6 to about 14.5, about 6.5 to about 14, about 7 to about 13.5, about 7.5 to about 13, about 8 to about 12.5, about 8.5 to about 12, about 9 to about 11.5, about 9.5 to about 11, about 10 to about 10.5, about 12 to about 13, about 2.5 to about 13, about 0.5 to about 5, or about 5 to about 20, weight percent actives based on a total weight of the core particle and/or encapsulated cleaning composition. In various embodiments, the at least one anionic surfactant is present in an amount of from about 1 to about 60, about 2 to about 40, about 5 to about 30, about 5 to about 60, about 10 to about 55, about 15 to about 50, about 20 to about 45, about 25 to about 40, or about 30 to about 35, weight percent actives based on a total weight percent of the core particle and/or encapsulated cleaning composition. In various non-limiting embodiments, it is contemplated that all values and ranges of values, both whole and fractional, between and including the aforementioned values, can be utilized herein.

At Least One Amphoteric Surfactant:

The encapsulated composition and/or core particle also includes at least one amphoteric surfactant. More specifically, the core particle of the encapsulated composition includes at least one amphoteric surfactant. For example, only a single amphoteric surfactant may be utilized or a combination of two or more amphoteric surfactants may be utilized.

Compounds classified as amphoteric surfactants may include both true amphoteric surfactants and zwitterionic compounds where the true charge of the molecule is dependent on the pH of the solution. The at least one amphoteric surfactant is not particularly limited and may be any known in the art.

The most common class of amphoteric molecules are betaines with a quaternized nitrogen function and a carboxylic function with the following structure

wherein R is a linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated alkyl chain having from about 8 to about 30 carbons. Various non-limiting examples of suitable betaines may include coco betaine, cocamidopropyl betaine, lauryl betaine, cetyl betaine, lauramidopropyl betaine, oleyl betaine, meadowfoamamidopropyl betaine, babassuamidopropyl betaine.

In one embodiment, the at least one amphoteric surfactant is a betaine having quaternized nitrogen functionality and carboxylic functionality.

In another embodiment, the at least one amphoteric surfactant is chosen from coco betaine, cocamidopropyl betaine, lauryl betaine, or combinations thereof.

In various embodiments, the at least one amphoteric surfactant is present in an amount of from about 1 to about 60, about 2 to about 40, or about 5 to about 30, weight percent actives based on a total weight of the core particle and/or encapsulated cleaning composition. In other embodiments, the amphoteric surfactant is present in an amount of from 0.01 to about 20, about 0.05 to about 20, about 0.1 to about 20, about 0.5 to about 20, about 1 to about 19.5, about 1.5 to about 19, about 2 to about 18.5, about 2.5 to about 18, about 3 to about 17.5, about 3.5 to about 17, about 4 to about 16.5, about 4.5 to about 16, about 5 to about 15.5, about 5.5 to about 15, about 6 to about 14.5, about 6.5 to about 14, about 7 to about 13.5, about 7.5 to about 13, about 8 to about 12.5, about 8.5 to about 12, about 9 to about 11.5, about 9.5 to about 11, about 10 to about 10.5, about 12 to about 13, about 2.5 to about 13, about 0.5 to about 5, about 5 to about 20, about 1 to about 5, about 2 to about 4, or about 3 to about 4, weight percent actives based on a total weight of the core particle and/or encapsulated cleaning composition. In various embodiments, the at least one amphoteric surfactant is present in an amount of from about 1 to about 60, about 2 to about 40, about 5 to about 30, about 5 to about 60, about 10 to about 55, about 15 to about 50, about 20 to about 45, about 25 to about 40, or about 30 to about 35, weight percent actives based on a total weight percent of the core particle and/or encapsulated cleaning composition. In various non-limiting embodiments, it is contemplated that all values and ranges of values, both whole and fractional, between and including the aforementioned values, can be utilized herein.

The encapsulated composition and/or core particle may be free of a cationic surfactant. In various embodiments, the encapsulated composition and/or core particle includes less than 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, 0.5, or 0.1, weight percent of a cationic surfactant based on a total weight of the core particle and/or encapsulated cleaning composition. In other embodiments, the encapsulated composition and/or core particle is completely free of a cationic surfactant. In various non-limiting embodiments, it is contemplated that all values and ranges of values, both whole and fractional, between and including the aforementioned values, can be utilized herein.

Additives:

The encapsulated composition and/or core particle may include, or be free of, one or more additives. In various embodiments, the core particle further includes a moisturization agent chosen from glycerin, sorbitol, saccharide isomerate, polyquaternium compounds, and combinations thereof and/or a natural exfoliant, a natural extract, or combinations thereof. In various embodiments, the one or more additives may be chosen from Polyquaternium-7, Polyquaternium-39, Polyquaternium-47, Coconut shell powder, Apricot seed powder, Jojoba esters, Lavender extract, Aloe extract, shea butter, colloidal oatmeal, and combinations thereof.

For example, in various embodiments, the one or more additives may be present in an amount of from about 0.01 to about 10, about 1 to about 10, about 2 to about 8, about 3 to about 7, about 4 to about 6, about 5 to about 6, or about 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, or 10, weight percent actives based on a total weight of the core particle and/or encapsulated cleaning composition. In other embodiments, the one or more additives may be present in an amount of from about 0.01 to about 0.09, about 0.02 to about 0.08, about 0.03 to about 0.07, about 0.04 to about 0.06, about 0.05 to about 0.06, about 0.1 to about 0.9, about 0.2 to about 0.8, about 0.3 to about 0.7, about 0.4 to about 0.6, about 0.5 to about 0.6, weight percent actives based on a total weight percent of the core particle and/or encapsulated cleaning composition. The aforementioned weight percent actives may refer to a total weight actives of any one individual additive or may refer to a sum total weight actives of two or more additives. In various non-limiting embodiments, it is contemplated that all values and ranges of values, both whole and fractional, between and including the aforementioned values, can be utilized herein.

Coating Disposed About at Least a Portion of the Core Particle:

The coating (24) typically improves the hardness and durability (e.g. strength and rigidity) of the encapsulated composition (20) while simultaneously reducing friability during transport and use. This reduces shipping and handling costs, preserves the integrity of the encapsulated composition when sold, and minimizes costs associated with replacement of a prematurely fractured product.

The coating may be, include, consist essentially of, or consist of, a polysaccharide. The polysaccharide is not particularly limited and may be any known in the art. In one embodiment, the polysaccharide is pullulan gum which is produced by certain strains of fungus such as Aureobasidium pullulans. Pullulan gum has a unique molecular structure including three α-(1,4) linked glucose molecules that are repeatedly polymerized by α-(1,6) linkage which leads to a relatively linear molecule. In theory, this unique linear geography provides particular properties in formulation such as high-water solubility and thin film forming that are not exhibited by other polysaccharides. Pullulan gum is generally recognized as safe (GRAS). Because of the linear structure, pullulan resists gelling in solution, unlike other naturally occurring polysaccharides such as xanthan gum. In other embodiments, the polysaccharide is chosen from chitosan, alginates, pectins, guar, xanthan gum, pullulan gum, or combinations thereof. In further embodiments, the coating may be chosen from maltodextrin, dehydroxanthan gum, hydrolyzed corn starch, Acacia Senegal Gum and Xanthan Gum, Sodium Polyitaconate, shellac, and combinations thereof.

Typically, the polysaccharide is chosen based on its ability to be non-tacky, have high adhesion strength and good water solubility. The polysaccharide is typically naturally based and biodegradable. Further, the polysaccharide typically remains clear and does not discolor with aging.

In various embodiments, the polysaccharide is present in an amount of from about 1 to about 30, about 2 to about 20, or about 3 to about 15, weight percent actives based on a total weight of the encapsulated cleaning composition. In other embodiments, the polysaccharide is present in an amount of about 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15 . . . up to about 30, weight percent actives based on a total weight of the core particle or the encapsulated cleaning composition. In other embodiments, the polysaccharide is present in an amount of from about 1 to about 10, about 2 to about 9, about 3 to about 8, about 4 to about 7, about 5 to about 6, about 5 to about 7, or about 5 to about 8, weight percent actives based on a total weight of the core particle or the encapsulated cleaning composition. In various non-limiting embodiments, it is contemplated that all values and ranges of values, both whole and fractional, between and including the aforementioned values, can be utilized herein.

The coating (24) may have any thickness but typically has a thickness of from about 10 to about 100, about 20 to about 90, about 30 to about 80, about 40 to about 70, about 50 to about 60, about 20 to about 50, about 25 to about 45, about 30 to about 40, or about 35 to about 40, micrometers. The coating (24) may have varying thicknesses at differing points of the encapsulated composition (20). It is also contemplated that the coating (24) may have a uniform thickness at one or more points of the encapsulated composition (20) or at all or almost all points of the encapsulated composition (20). Alternatively, the coating (24) may be uniform at some points and vary in thickness at other points of the encapsulated composition (20). In various non-limiting embodiments, it is contemplated that all values and ranges of values, both whole and fractional, between and including the aforementioned values, can be utilized herein.

The coating (24) is typically disposed on and in direct contact with the core particle (22). However, it is contemplated that more than one coating may be disposed about the core particle (22). For example, multiples coatings, wherein each one is an embodiment described herein, may be utilized.

The coating (24) is disposed about at least a portion of the core particle (22). It is to be understood that the terminology “disposed about” encompasses both partial and complete covering of the core particle (22) by the coating (24). In one embodiment, the coating (24) completely encompasses the core particle (22), as set forth in FIGS. 1-4 . In another embodiment, the coating (24) only partially encompasses the core particle (22), as set forth in FIG. 5 . The coating (24) is typically an outermost layer of the encapsulated composition (20).

Method of Forming the Encapsulated Composition:

The encapsulated composition (20) may be formed by any method in the art. Typically, the core particle (22) is formed by combining the (1) tapioca starch, (2) potato starch, (3) at least one anionic surfactant, and (4) at least one amphoteric surfactant. These components may be combined by any method in the art. For example, the aforementioned components may be combined to form a mixture which can be added to a die and compressed to form the core particle (22), e.g. in the shape of a cube. To form the core particle (22), the mixture is typically compressed at a pressure of from 500 to 100,000 lbs./in². After formation, the core particle (22) may be coated with the coating (24).

The coating (24) may be disposed on the core particle (22) by any method known in the art, e.g. spraying a solution onto the core particle (22). The step of spraying may be further defined as any type of spraying known in the art. In one embodiment, the step of spraying is further defined as pan coating. The pan coating of this invention typically involves manipulation of a variety of parameters including, but not limited to, relative humidity, coating room temperature, pan diameter, pan speed, pan depth, pan brim volume, pan load, shape and size of the core particle (22), baffle efficiency, number of spray guns, acceleration due to gravity, spray rate, inlet airflow, inlet temperature, air properties, exhaust temperature, atomizing air pressure, solution properties, gun-to-bed distance, nozzle type and size, and coating time. One or more of these parameters may be adjusted and/or customized by those of skill in the art.

In one embodiment, a cube that is the core particle (22) is formed and then crumbled or otherwise broken into a pressed powder. The pressed powder can then be coated. Alternatively, the cube that is the core particle (22) may itself be coated.

Process for Cleaning Hair or Skin:

This disclosure also provides a process for cleaning hair or skin. This method includes the step of applying the encapsulated cleaning composition, as described herein, to hair or skin. The step of applying may be further defined as any type known in the art. For example, the step of applying may be further defined as applying as a shampoo, conditioner, cleanser, lotion, gel, etc. Typically, the encapsulated cleaning composition is partially or completely crushed and mixed with water to form a lather. Then, the lather is typically applied to the hair and/or skin by the consumer.

Additional Embodiments:

In various embodiments, the core particle includes, is, consists essentially of, or consists of the aforementioned components (1), (2), (3), and (4). In related embodiments, the coating may be, include, consist essentially of, or consist of, the polysaccharide.

In other embodiments, the core particle includes, is, consists essentially of, or consists of about 33 wt. % potato starch, about 33 wt. % tapioca starch, about 12.5 wt. % actives anionic surfactant, about 3.5 wt. % actives amphoteric surfactant, about 5 wt. % actives glycerin, about 18 wt. % water, and additional extracts, fragrances, conditioning agents, etc., each based on a total weight of the core particle. In various non-limiting embodiments, it is contemplated that all values and ranges of values, both whole and fractional, between and including the aforementioned values, can be utilized herein.

In other embodiments, the core particle includes, is, consists essentially of, or consists of about 30 to about 35 wt. % potato starch, about 30 to about 35 wt. % tapioca starch, about 10 to about 15 wt. % actives anionic surfactant, about 2 to about 4 wt. % actives amphoteric surfactant, about 4 to about 6 wt. % actives glycerin, about 15 to about 20 wt. % water and about 0 to about 5 wt. % of one or more additional extracts, fragrances, conditioning agents, etc., each based on a total weight of the core particle. In various non-limiting embodiments, it is contemplated that all values and ranges of values, both whole and fractional, between and including the aforementioned values, can be utilized herein.

In other embodiments, the core particle includes, is, consists essentially of, or consists of about 33% potato starch, about 33% tapioca starch, about 12.5% actives anionic surfactant, and about 3.5% actives amphoteric surfactant, each based on a total weight of the core particle. In various non-limiting embodiments, it is contemplated that all values and ranges of values, both whole and fractional, between and including the aforementioned values, can be utilized herein.

In other embodiments, the core particle includes, is, consists essentially of, or consists of about 30 to about 35 wt. % potato starch, about 30 to about 35 wt. % tapioca starch, about 10 to about 15 wt. % actives anionic surfactant, about 2 to about 4 wt. % actives amphoteric surfactant, about 15 to about 20 wt. %, water and about 0 to about 5 wt. % of one or more additional extracts, fragrances, conditioning agents, etc., each based on a total weight of the core particle. In various non-limiting embodiments, it is contemplated that all values and ranges of values, both whole and fractional, between and including the aforementioned values, can be utilized herein.

It is contemplated that any one or more weight percents described in this disclosure may be alternatively described as weight percent actives.

Relative to all descriptions of water herein, each amount may be alternatively described as a “total amount.” Typically, the terminology “total amount” refers to a total amount of water present in the composition from all components, i.e., not simply water added independently from, for example, the surfactant component.

An independent source of water, such as DI water, may be used to dilute the composition. This water may be independent from any water present in the composition as originating from one or more components. In other words, the composition includes water originating from the components themselves. However, to further dilute the composition, the independent water source may be used.

The encapsulated cleaning composition can disaggregate or disintegrate easily, and dissolution in water is typically rapid. The encapsulated cleaning composition is typically easy to mix with water which allows rapid initiation of foaming, i.e. the rapid obtaining of an appropriate and sufficiently abundant foam, when the composition is applied, generally by rubbing, to the keratin materials which have optionally been pre-wetted, and also a good foam quality, in particular a creamy, smooth and abundant foam. After application, good persistence of a fragrance is typically obtained and, when the composition is applied to the skin, the skin is soft.

This disclosure also provides a process for cleansing or for removing makeup from keratin materials such as the skin, including the scalp, keratin fibers such as the eyelashes or the hair, and/or the lips, wherein the encapsulated cleaning composition is applied to the keratin materials. The term “keratin material” especially means the skin, the scalp, keratin fibers such as the eyelashes, the eyebrows, head hair, bodily hair, the nails, and mucous membranes such as the lips, and more particularly the skin (body, face, area around the eyes, eyelids).

The encapsulated cleaning composition can be used for topical application and thus can include a physiologically acceptable medium. The term “physiologically acceptable medium” means a medium that is compatible with keratin materials.

EXAMPLES

The following compositions are prepared by blending powders together with high shear and slowly adding in liquid ingredients. The powder is the pressed into a mold with force.

Example 1

Solatium Tuberosum Potato Starch 29.70% (TeraSorb from Actera Ingredients) Tapioca Starch 29.70% (Tapioca Pure from Nouryon Chemicals) Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate 12.50% (Iselux from Innospec) Fragrance  0.50% Cocamidopropyl Betaine 40% solution  9.00% (Tego Betain F 50 from Evonik) Water 11.60% Glycerin  5.00% Pentavitin (moisturizing sugar)    2%

Example 2

Solatium Tuberosum Potato Starch 29.70% (TeraSorb from Actera Ingredients) Tapioca Starch 29.70% (Tapioca Pure from Nouryon Chemicals) Sodium Cocoyl Glutamate 12.50% (Amisoft CS-11 from Ajinomoto) Fragrance  0.50% Cocamidopropyl Betaine 40% solution  9.00% (Tego Betain F 50 from Evonik) Water 11.60% Glycerin  5.00% Pentavitin (moisturizing sugar)    2%

After formation, these compositions are evaluated qualitatively for hardness, ease of break, softness of powder, speed to foam and lather.

In addition, the framework of Example 1 is used to generate additional examples, as shown below. After formation, the cubes are photographed, as set forth in the Figures. More specifically, in the Figures, there are a total of 5 different formulations represented, each including three photographs. Each formulation shows the same cube before handling, after handling and then after crushing. The 5 formulations are cubes made with 100% potato, 100% tapioca, 75% potato, 75% tapioca and a 50%/50% weight blend of potato and tapioca starch. These additional examples are described in table below.

Components Example 3 Example 4 Example 5 Example 6 Example 7 Example 8 Example 9 Potato Starch 59.40% 59.40% 59.40% — — — 44.55% Tapioca Starch — — — 59.40% 59.40% 59.40% 14.85% Sodium Lauroyl 12.50% 12.50% 12.50% 12.50% 12.50% 12.50% 12.50% Methyl Isethionate Fragrance 0.50% 0.50% 0.50% 0.50% 0.50% 0.50% 0.50% Cocamidopropyl 9.00% 9.00% 9.00% 9.00% 9.00% 9.00% 9.00% Betaine 40% solution Water 13.60% 13.60% 13.60% 13.60% 13.60% 13.60% 13.60% Glycerin 5.00% 5.00% 5.00% 5.00% 5.00% 5.00% 5.00% See FIG. FIG. 6 FIG. 7 FIG. 8 FIG. 9 FIG. 10 FIG. 11 FIG. 12 Number: Figure Cube Cube Cube Cube Cube Cube Cube Demonstrates before after after before after after before handling handling crushing handling handling crushing handling

Components Example 10 Example 11 Example 12 Example 13 Example 14 Example 15 Example 16 Potato Starch 44.55% 44.55% 14.85% 14.85% 14.85% 29.70% 29.70% Tapioca Starch 14.85% 14.85% 44.55% 44.55% 44.55% 29.70% 29.70% Sodium Lauroyl 12.50% 12.50% 12.50% 12.50% 12.50% 12.50% 12.50% Methyl Isethionate Fragrance 0.50% 0.50% 0.50% 0.50% 0.50% 0.50% 0.50% Cocamidopropyl 9.00% 9.00% 9.00% 9.00% 9.00% 9.00% 9.00% Betaine 40% solution Water 13.60% 13.60% 13.60% 13.60% 13.60% 13.60% 13.60% Glycerin 5.00% 5.00% 5.00% 5.00% 5.00% 5.00% 5.00% See FIG. FIG. 13 FIG. 14 FIG. 15 FIG. 16 FIG. 17 FIG. 18 FIG. 19 Number: Figure Cube Cube Cube Cube Cube Cube Cube Demonstrates after after before after after before after handling crushing handling handling crushing handling handling

Example Components 17 Potato Starch 29.70% Tapioca Starch 29.70% Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate 12.50% Fragrance 0.50% Cocamidopropyl Betaine 40% 9.00% solution Water 13.60% Glycerin 5.00% See FIGURE Number: FIG. 20 FIGURE Demonstrates Cube after crushing

The data set forth above and in the Figures shows that the encapsulated compositions are able to be handled but crush when a consumer applies force. The encapsulated compositions feel soft and mix well with water, readily transforming into a creamy foam. The encapsulated compositions have good foaming and cleansing properties while being gentle/mild and moisturizing to the skin.

LCAT Testing:

To determine the moisturization potential of Examples 15/16/17, a lower leg-controlled application test (LCAT) was performed utilizing corneometer data. The LCAT is a common industry exaggerated wash procedure. The clinical technique can reliably discriminate the moisturization potential of personal cleansing products under normal use conditions. The procedure used in these Examples is described in detail in WO2017196818A1—method of identifying cosmetic agents for moisturizing skin, which is expressly incorporated herein by reference relative to all necessary components/method steps related to the LCAT.

The LCAT evaluates water loss which correlates to skin capacitance. This test also evaluates real use rinse off conditions as related to dryness and transepidermal water loss both before and after use. Results showed pressed powder formulations provided increased moisturization post wash at 30 minute, 1 hour, 2 hour and 3 hour post wash timepoints as shown in the Table below and in FIG. 21 .

Pressed Powder Samples of Examples Water 15/16/17 30 min Post Wash −0.45 0.94 1 Hour Post Wash −0.48 1.29 2 Hours Post Wash −0.16 1.53 3 Hours Post Wash 0.56 2.10

Cumulative Irritation Patch Testing:

To evaluate the skin irritation potential of cleansing products, a 5 day cumulative irritation patch study was conducted. Cumulative irritancy patch testing is a modified primary irritancy patch test that can detect weak irritants that require multiple applications to cause a skin reaction. These reactions are due to direct damage to the epidermal cells and no immunologic (allergic) mechanism is involved. The procedure used in the Examples is a modification of that described by Dr. B. M. Lanman at the Joint Conference on Cosmetic Sciences, Apr. 21-23, 1968 in Washington, D.C., and further modified by Phillips, et. al and Berger, et. al. Results are set forth below and in FIG. 26 .

The following Examples were evaluated:

Pressed Pressed Pressed Pressed Powder A Powder B Powder C Powder D Example 18 15, 16, 17 19 20 Potato Starch 29.70% 29.70% 29.70% 29.70% Tapioca Starch 29.70% 29.70% 29.70% 29.70% Sodium Lauroyl Methyl 12.50% 12.50% 0.00% 0.00% Isethionate Sodium Cocoyl Glutamate 0.00% 0.00% 12.50% 12.50% Fragrance 0.50% 0.50% 0.50% 0.50% Cocamidopropyl Betaine 9.00% 9.00% 9.00% 9.00% 40% solution Water 11.60% 13.60% 13.60% 13.60% Glycerin 5.00% 5.00% 5.00% 5.00% Saccharide Isomerate 2.00% 0.00% 2.00% 0.00%

The results of these evaluations are set forth below and in FIG. 26 .

Normalized Example Total Sample Number Score Irritancy Class Pressed Powder A 18 101.7 Slightly Irritating Pressed Powder B 15, 16, 17 100.3 Slightly Irritating Pressed Powder C 19 96.3 Slightly Irritating Pressed Powder D 20 112.9 Slightly Irritating Johnson’s head-to-toe NA 132.5 Slightly Irritating baby wash (Mild Control) 0.25% SLS NA 290.2 Moderately (Positive Control) Irritating Isotonic Saline NA 29.8 No significant (Negative Control) irritation

While at least one exemplary embodiment has been presented in the foregoing detailed description, it should be appreciated that a vast number of variations exist. It should also be appreciated that the exemplary embodiment or exemplary embodiments are only examples, and are not intended to limit the scope, applicability, or configuration in any way. Rather, the foregoing detailed description will provide those skilled in the art with a convenient road map for implementing an exemplary embodiment. It being understood that various changes may be made in the function and arrangement of elements described in an exemplary embodiment without departing from the scope as set forth in the appended claims. 

What is claimed is:
 1. An encapsulated cleansing composition that is free of talc and comprises: A. a core particle comprising; (1) tapioca starch, (2) potato starch, (3) at least one anionic surfactant, and (4) at least one amphoteric surfactant; and B. a coating disposed about at least a portion of said core particle and comprising a polysaccharide.
 2. The encapsulated cleaning composition of claim 1 wherein said tapioca starch is present in an amount of about 15 to about 50 weight percent, based on a total weight of said core particle.
 3. The encapsulated cleaning composition of claim 1, wherein said potato starch is present in an amount of about 15 to about 50 weight based on a total weight of said core particle.
 4. The encapsulated cleansing composition of claim 1, wherein said at least one anionic surfactant is chosen from a glutamic acid derivative, an isethionate derivative, an acyl glutamate, an acyl isethionate, a sarcosinate, a taurate, salts thereof, and combinations thereof.
 5. The encapsulated cleansing composition of claim 4, wherein said glutamic acid derivative is chosen from sodium cocoyl glutamate, potassium cocoyl glutamate, glutamic acid, sodium lauroyl glutamate, and combinations thereof.
 6. The encapsulated cleansing composition of claim 4, wherein said isethionate derivative is chosen from esters of alkanoic acids, isethionic acids, salts thereof, and combinations thereof.
 7. The encapsulated cleansing composition of claim 4, wherein said isethionate derivative is chosen from sodium lauryl methyl isethionate, sodium cocoyl isethionate, sodium isethionate, sodium lauroyl isethionate, salts thereof, and combinations thereof.
 8. The encapsulated cleansing composition of claim 4, wherein said sarcosinate is chosen from lauroyl sarcosine, sodium cocoyl sarcosinate, sodium lauroyl sarcosinate, potassium cocoyl sarcosinate, and combinations thereof.
 9. The encapsulated cleansing composition of claim 4, wherein said taurate is chosen from sodium methyl lauroyl taurate, sodium methyl cocoyl taurate, potassium cocoyl taurate, and combinations thereof.
 10. The encapsulated cleansing composition of claim 1, wherein said anionic surfactant is present in an amount of about 1 to about 60, about 2 to about 40, or about 5 to about 30, weight percent actives based on a total weight of said core particle.
 11. The encapsulated cleansing composition of claim 1, wherein said at least one amphoteric surfactant is a betaine having quaternized nitrogen functionality and carboxylic functionality.
 12. The encapsulated cleaning composition of claim 11, wherein said at least one amphoteric surfactant is chosen from coco betaine, cocamidopropyl betaine, lauryl betaine, or combinations thereof.
 13. The encapsulated cleansing composition of claim 1, wherein said at least one amphoteric surfactant is present in an amount of about 1 to about 60, about 2 to about 40, or about 5 to about 30, weight percent actives based on a total weight of said core particle.
 14. The encapsulated cleaning composition of claim 1, wherein said core particle further comprises water as a binding agent present in an amount of about 1 to about 30, about 2 to about 20, or about 5 to about 18, weight percent based on a total weight of said core particle.
 15. The encapsulated cleaning composition of claim 1, wherein said polysaccharide is chosen from chitosan, alginates, pectins, guar, xanthan gum, pullulan gum, and combinations thereof.
 16. The encapsulated cleaning composition of claim 1, wherein said polysaccharide is pullulan gum.
 17. The encapsulated cleaning composition of claim 1, wherein said polysaccharide is present in an amount of about 1 to about 30, about 2 to about 20, or about 3 to about 15, weight percent actives based on a total weight of said encapsulated cleaning composition.
 18. The encapsulated cleaning composition of claim 1, wherein said core particle further comprises a moisturization agent chosen from glycerin, sorbitol, saccharide isomerate, polyquaternium compounds, and combinations thereof, and/or a natural exfoliant, a natural extract, and combinations thereof.
 19. The encapsulated cleaning composition of claim 1, wherein said core particle consists essentially of (1)-(4) and said coating consists essentially of said polysaccharide.
 20. A process for cleaning hair or skin comprising the step of applying the encapsulated cleaning composition of claim 1 to hair or skin. 